| |
6000 BC |
|
5000BC |
|
4000BC |
|
3000BC |
|
2000BC |
|
1000BC |
|
0 BC |
|
1000 AD |
|
2000 AD |
| Mesolithic |
Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
Eneolithic |
Eneolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bronze age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Karanovo I |
|
Karanovo II |
Karanovo III |
|
Karanovo IV |
|
|
Karanovo V |
Karanovo VI
|
|
|
|
|
Karanovo VII |
|
Karanovo VII |
Ezero |
Mikhailich |
Zimnicea- |
Plovdiv
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Starcevo |
|
|
|
Vinca A |
Vinca B |
Vinca C |
|
Vinca D |
Bubanj |
|
Bubanj/Kostolac |
Baden |
|
|
|
Vucedol |
|
Bubanj-Hum |
|
Vattina/Peracin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Koros |
|
|
|
Szakalhat |
Tisa |
|
Tisapolgar |
Bodrogkeresztur |
|
Baden |
|
|
|
Vucedol |
|
Otomani |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tardenoisian |
|
|
Bugo-Dnistre |
|
Linear |
|
Tripolie A |
Tripolie B |
|
|
|
Tripolie C |
Gorodsk |
(Usatova) |
|
? |
|
|
|
Sabatinovka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Starcevo |
|
|
|
Vinca |
|
Vinca |
|
Salcuta |
|
Salcuta IV |
|
|
Cotofeni |
|
|
|
|
Periam |
|
Pecica |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Starcevo |
|
|
|
Vinca |
|
Vinca |
|
Salcuta |
|
|
|
|
|
Cotofeni |
|
|
|
Verbicioara |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dudesti |
|
|
|
Bioan |
|
Gumelnita |
|
|
|
Cervnavoda |
/ Gumelnita |
|
|
Glina III - |
Schneckenburg |
Tei |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hamanga |
Gumelnita |
|
|
Cervnavoda |
|
|
|
Cernavoda II |
Cernavoda III |
|
Iron age? |
|
Coslogeni
|
|
|
|
Hellenic |
Hellenic |
Roman |
|
1stBulgarian |
Empire |
Byzantineè |
Bulgarianè |
Ottoman |
Empire |
|
|
Tardenoisian |
|
Starcevo-Cris |
|
|
Linear |
pre- |
Cucuteni |
|
Cucuteni A
|
Cucuteni B |
|
|
Horodistea |
Foltesti I |
Foltesti II |
(globular |
amphorae) |
Monteoru |
|
Noua |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gura Baciului |
|
Starcevo-Cris |
|
Turdas |
Vinca |
|
|
Petresti |
|
Petresti/Ariusd |
|
Cotofeni |
|
|
|
|
|
Sighisoara / |
Wietenberg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Early Minoan |
|
Middle Minoan |
|
Late Minoan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
proto-Sesklo |
|
Sesklo |
|
|
|
Dimini |
|
|
Final Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
Early Helladic |
|
|
Middle Helladic |
|
Mycenae
|
sub-Mycenae |
dark ages |
Archaic |
Classical |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Villages along |
the Nile |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Archaic period |
Old Kingom |
|
|
Middle Kingdom |
|
New kingdom |
|
3rd intermed |
(Kush rule) |
Persians |
Ptolemies |
Roman rule |
Byzantine rule |
Islamic period |
|
|
|
Ottoman |
Empire |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pre-Kerma |
|
|
|
Kingdom of Kush |
|
|
|
(Egypt rule) |
|
Kingdom of Kush |
|
Napatan phase |
|
Meroitic phase |
post Meroitic |
Medieval period |
|
|
Islamic period |
|
|
|
| Pendik |
Illipinar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hittite |
Empire |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sumerians |
|
|
|
Uruk period |
|
Bronze, writing, |
and the wheel |
|
|
|
Sumerians |
destroyed by |
the Elamites |
|
|
Assyrian |
empire |
Babylon |
Persian rule |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mesolithic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Neolithic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bronze age |
|
|
|
|
|
Iron age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|